• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Described is a welding torch (1), comprising; a torch body (10) of an electrically conductive material, with a feedthrough channel for passing a welding wire (2); a terminal connected to the torch body (10) for receiving a power supply thereon; current transfer means for moving on a welding wire (2) moving in the feed channel of the torch body (10); wherein the current transfer means comprise: - a contact surface (121) extending along the feed-through channel and electrically connected to the torch body; - resilient pressing means (130) arranged in the torch body (10) opposite the contact surface and adapted to exert a pressing force directed towards said contact surface on a passing welding wire. Current transfer from the torch body from the torch body (10) to the welding wire takes place exclusively through said contact pad (121).
    公开号:BE1018510A3
    申请号:E200900153
    申请日:2009-03-13
    公开日:2011-02-01
    发明作者:
    申请人:Brabander Wilhelmus Anthonius Johannes；Veldhoven Roberthus Hendrikus；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Title: Welding torch
    The invention relates generally to a welding torch for the MIG / MAG process. Such welding torches are known per se. By way of example, the international patent publication WO-2002/04162 is mentioned, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety as if the content had been completely repeated.
    A few things are important when welding with melting wire. In the first place, a current source must be connected to the wire and a workpiece in order to maintain an electric arc between the wire end and a welding pool on the workpiece. This welding arc has the result that the wire end melts and molten wire material is supplied to the workpiece. The melting wire must be replenished, and for this purpose a transport mechanism serves to unwind the wire from a supply roll and to axially (i.e., in the longitudinal direction of the wire) forward, towards the melting end. Thirdly, it is necessary to create a protective gas atmosphere at and around the gas arc, to protect the welding wire and the welding bath and the workpiece against the effects of ambient air.
    A welding torch serves to manipulate the melting wire, which can be held by a welder, for example. A wire conveyor is arranged in front of the torch, and pushes the wire to the torch, which has a wire feed-through channel with an input where the wire is received and an output where the wire leaves the torch and (during operation) meets the welding arc. To transfer the electric current to the moving welding wire, the torch has a contact tube, typically of copper or copper alloy, at the outlet of the wire feed-through channel. To achieve the desired shielding gas atmosphere, the torch has one or more connections for connecting a gas hose, as well as one or more gas outflow openings next to or near the outlet of the wire feed-through channel.
    In practice it often appears that the torch, and in particular the contact tube, becomes hot because of the contact with the arc, in such a way that it is necessary to cool the torch, for which water is generally used. To this end, the torch has a connection for connecting a water supply hose and a connection for connecting a water discharge hose.
    An important problem with such torches is the current transfer through the contact tube. The inside diameter of the contact tube must be precisely adjusted to the wire diameter to ensure sliding contact. If the diameter of the contact tube is too small, the wire becomes jammed, as a result of which the end of the wire protruding from the contact tube melts in its entirety and the welding arc comes into contact with the contact tube, which can thereby die. If the diameter of the contact tube is too large, the wire may come loose from the inner wall, causing an arc to be drawn in the interior of the contact tube between the wire and the tube, resulting in damage to the tube and the wire, the wire can jam again and / or melt into the contact tube. For example, for use with a welding wire with a diameter of 1.2 mm, the contact tube has an inner diameter of 1.4-1.5 mm. In order to prevent the contact tube from wearing out rapidly during use, so that the diameter of the tube becomes larger, it is necessary to use a hard copper alloy with chromium and zirconium.
    Furthermore, it is a technical challenge that the welding wire must have a constant diameter over its entire length within very small tolerances. This challenge becomes all the greater when one realizes that the transport mechanism engages the outer surface of the wire and can thus damage that outer surface.
    It is an object of the present invention to overcome or at least alleviate said problems.
    These and other aspects, features and advantages of the present invention will be further elucidated by the following description with reference to the drawings, in which like reference numerals indicate like or similar parts, wherein "below / above", "higher / lower", " left / right "etc only relate to the orientation shown in the figures, and in which: figure 1 schematically shows a longitudinal section of an example of a welding torch according to the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic cross-section of an insert of the welding torch of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a schematic longitudinal section of the insert of Figure 2; Figure 4 shows a front view and a longitudinal section of an inventive gas cup.
    Figure 1 shows schematically a longitudinal section of a welding torch 1 according to the present invention. The welding torch 1 comprises a torch body 10, which may, for example, have a length of approximately 40 mm and a diameter of approximately 25 mm, and which may, for example, be made of copper or brass or the like. The torch body 10 is surrounded by an insulating covering 14. On the right in the figure the torch body 10 has an entrance end, on the left in the figure the torch body 10 has an exit end.
    A cooling water channel 13 is formed in the torch body 10. An input connection for coupling with a water supply hose is indicated at 15, and an output connection for coupling with a water supply hose is indicated at 16. The precise course of the cooling water channel 13 in the torch body 10 is not important and is shown in the figure. not shown for the sake of simplicity.
    The torch body 10 is hollow, advantageously through a bore extending from the exit end on the left in the figure to almost near the entrance end of the body 10. That bore comprises two bore members 51 and 52. A first bore member 51 has a fairly large diameter, and extends from the entrance end of the body 10 over an axial length in the order of about 10-15 mm. A second bore portion 52 of a smaller diameter extends from the bottom of the first bore portion 51 to nearly the entrance end of the body 10. Thus, the torch body generally has a cup shape (in the figure a horizontal cup), with a cup bottom 21 and an internally stepped cup side wall 22. The cup bottom and the cup side wall can be made as a whole, but it is also possible that the cup bottom and the cup side wall are made as separate components and fixed to each other. A cylindrical insert 100 is placed in the second bore 52, details of which will be discussed later, wherein a gas distribution chamber 53 is kept free between said insert 100 and the cup bottom 21.
    The first bore portion 51 defines a shield gas chamber 31 sunk into the body 10, the transverse dimension of which is only slightly smaller than the transverse dimension of the torch body 10, so that the torch body 10 defines a relatively thin chamber wall 32 at the level of the shield gas chamber 31. A gas cup is attached to the outlet end of the torch body 10, typically a screw-on ceramic gas cup 30, the interior 33 of which connects to the shielding gas chamber 31 and extends it outwards. An input connection for coupling with a gas supply hose is indicated at 17; this gas connection 17 opens into the gas distribution chamber 53. The insert 100 comprises a plurality (for example six) of mutually parallel axial bores 101 distributed along the periphery of the insert 100, each of which connects the gas distribution chamber 53 to the shielding gas chamber 31.
    A separate connection may be provided for connecting a power supply wire. However, it is also possible for the power supply wire to be attached to the water input terminal 15 or water output terminal 16, or to the gas terminal 17, which terminals are typically brass and attached to the body 10 in a manner that permits power transfer.
    An input terminal for receiving welding wire is generally indicated at 40. In the illustrated example, this input terminal 40 comprises a cylindrical part 41 protruding from the body 10 with a central bore 42 and an external screw thread onto which a swivel 43 can be screwed to attach a T-shaped end of a wire guide hose 44. Said wire guide hose is connected to a wire feed unit, not shown for the sake of simplicity, which may be a conventional wire feed unit. The central bore 42 of the cylindrical part 41 has a diameter larger than the thread diameter.
    The insert 100 is provided at its front surface facing the shielding gas chamber 31 with a cylindrical wire guide part 102, typically of copper or brass, which is preferably made as an integral whole with the insert 100. The wire guide part 102 has an internal bore 103 that is aligned with the central bore 42 of the cylindrical part 41. An insulating tube 104, for example of aluminum oxide, is provided in said internal bore 103. The inner diameter of this tube 104 is larger than the wire diameter. The cylindrical wire guide portion 102 is threaded on its outer surface. Screwed over cylindrical wire guide part 102 is a preferably made of carbon or graphite sheath 105, which in practice prevents the welding arc from being able to hit and thus damage the cylindrical wire guide part 102, and which is therefore also referred to as a protective sheath.
    Figure 1 shows that an axial bore 107 is formed in the insert 100, which extends over the full length of the insert 100 and thus from the gas distribution chamber 53 to the bore 103 in the cylindrical wire guide part 102, and which is aligned with the central bore 42 of the cylindrical part 41. It will therefore be apparent that a welding wire that is introduced and axially pushed at the central bore 42 of the welding wire input terminal 40 via the axial bore 107 in the insert and the bore 103 into the cylindrical wire guide member 102, eventually reaching the gas cup 30 centrally.
    Figure 1 furthermore shows that in the insert 100, over a part of its axial length, a chamber 110 is formed which extends from the cylindrical side wall 111 of the insert 100 to beyond the center line of the insert 100, and thus bore said bore 107.
    Figure 2 is a schematic cross-section of the insert 100, and Figure 3 is a schematic longitudinal section of the insert 100.
    A wear-resistant contact plate 120 is located on the bottom of the chamber 110. The contact plate may, for example, be made of a hard type of metal, for example tungsten, and may be arranged in the chamber 110 by a press fit.
    The contour of the contact plate 120 preferably corresponds to the contour of the chamber 110, so in the example shown an oval. The thickness of the contact plate 120 corresponds to the height of the part of the chamber 110 located below the bore 107. Figures 2 and 3 also show a portion of a welding wire 2; it can be seen that the welding wire 2 rests on the upper surface 121 of the contact plate 120, which upper surface thus acts as a contact surface. Since the contact plate is made of an electrically conductive material and is in contact with the insert 100, and since the insert 100 is made of an electrically conductive material and is in contact with the torch body 10, and since the torch body 10 is made of an electrically conductive material and in contact with the power supply connection, the welding current can be transferred via the contact plate to the welding wire 2.
    The insert 100 is furthermore provided with a pressure unit 130 which presses the welding wire 2 against the upper surface 121 of the contact plate 120 so as to ensure good current-transferring contact between the welding wire 2 and the contact plate 120. That pressure unit 130 comprises a substantially block-shaped wheel carrier 131, the width of which (perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in Fig. 3, left / right in Fig. 2) substantially corresponds to the width of the chamber 110, and whose length (perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in Figure 2, left / right in Figure 3) is a little smaller than the length of the chamber 110. The wheel carrier 131 is preferably made of an insulating material, preferably a ceramic.
    The wheel carrier 131 rests on a number of pressure wheels 132. That number is at least one, preferably and as shown two, but may also be more. Each pressure wheel 132 can advantageously be implemented by a ball bearing, and rotates about an axis 133 that is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the bore 107. Each pressure wheel 132 with its shaft 133 is received almost completely in a wheel chamber 134 extending upwards from the underside of the wheel carrier 131, it being possible for several wheels to be accommodated in a common wheel chamber. Each pressure wheel 132 protrudes on the underside outside the wheel carrier 131 and rests on the wire 2. The ends of the wheel shafts 133 abut against stops in the wheel carrier 131, so that the wheel carrier has a downward force on the wheel axles 133 and can thus exert pressure on the pressure wheels 132.
    Above the wheel carrier 131 there is a pressure plate 135 which can extend over the entire length of the wheel carrier 131. At least one pressure spring 136 is located between the pressure plate 135 and the wheel carrier 131. This can be, for example, a leaf spring, but for example, the compression spring 136 is implemented as a coil spring that is received in a spring chamber 137 sunk into the wheel carrier 131 from the top surface of the wheel carrier. It is possible that there are several compression springs. In the example shown, there is exactly one compression spring positioned between the two wheels 132. The compression spring 136 exerts a downward force on the wheel carrier 131.
    For assembling the wheel carrier 131 and pressure plate 135 relative to each other, a few (at least one, two in the shown example two) vertically oriented locating pins 138 are attached to the underside of the pressure plate 135, which engage in from the upper surface of the wheel carrier 131 downward facing bores 139. It is also possible that the dowel pins are attached to the wheel carrier and that the bores are arranged in the pressure plate.
    The assembly goes as follows. First, the contact plate 120 is mounted on the bottom of the chamber 110.
    The contact plate could be soldered in place, but the contact plate may also be secured by a press fit.
    The pressure unit 130 is then slid into the chamber 110 via a vertical sliding movement which is directed from top to bottom in Figure 2. Because no wire extends through the insert 100, the pressure unit 130 comes to be slightly lower than normal, contacting the wheels 132 against the contact plate 120. The entire pressure unit 130 is now located within the cylinder profile of the insert 100.
    The insert 100 is then placed in the second bore portion 52 of the torch body 10. Advantageously, the insert is provided with an external thread suitable for an internal thread of the second bore portion 52 so that the insert 100 can be screwed into the second bore portion 52.
    To prepare the torch for use, a welding wire 2 is inserted. Upon insertion, it will lift the wheels 132, and thereby lift the entire wheel carrier 131 as well as the pressure plate 135. The pressure plate 135 first abuts the inner wall of the second bore portion 52 of the torch body 10. Upon further pressing of the welding wire 2, the wheel carrier 131 is further lifted and the compression spring 136 is depressed.
    The welding wire 2 is protected in the wire guide hose 44 and guided by a flexible, yet sturdy, insulating tube 3, which is referred to as a liner, and which can be made, for example, from plastic such as PTFE. The bore 42 in the screw part 41 and the bore 107 in the insert 100 are so large, for example with a diameter of approximately 5 mm, that the liner 3 can extend through said bores 42, 107 so as to contact the wire 2 with the torch body. 10 and the insert 100. This prevents uncontrolled current transfer to the wire 2.
    During operation, the axially moving wire 2 is pressed by the wheels 132 against the contact plate 120, the wheels 132 rotating with the wire 2. The pressure force caused by the compression spring 136 is adjusted so that it is sufficient to maintain the wire in good current-transmitting contact with the contact plate 120, but not so high that the friction that occurs will stop the propulsion of the wire.
    It is undesirable that the current transfer also takes place via the wheels 132, because then there is a chance that sparks will form inside the ball bearings.
    If the wheel carrier 131 is made of a conductive material, it is therefore preferred to provide the wheel carrier and the pressure plate 135 with an insulating layer, but it is preferable that the wheel carrier 131 is made of an insulating material.
    In a contact tube according to the prior art, the contact with the welding wire is always somewhat fickle, and the area of the actual contact is rather small. This leads to an irregular and fairly large transition resistance, with consequently a fairly large heat development and a correspondingly large required cooling capacity. In the welding torch according to the present invention, the area of the actual contact is quite large and constant, so that the heat development is considerably less and a relatively small water flow is sufficient to keep the temperature of the torch at an acceptable value of, for example, 40 ° C .
    In addition, variations in the resistance, due to the horizontal or constant voltage characteristic of current sources used in MIG / MAG processes, lead to undesirable variations in the welding current strength, which variations can be in the order of as much as 50 A.
    It is further noted that the welding torch according to the present invention is considerably more tolerant to diameter variations of the welding wire, because the wheel carrier 131 can move up and down with such variations, while the bores 42 and 107 and the tube 104 therefore have diameter variations unimpeded. let it pass.
    Figure 4 illustrates details of an inventive gas cup 30 that is preferably used in the welding torch of the present invention. The gas cup 30 has a cylinder jacket 151, with a proximal end 152 and a distal end 153. At the proximal end 152, the cylinder jacket 151 has an inwardly directed annular shoulder 154. A cylindrical skirt 156 connects to the outer edge of the shoulder 154, the outer surface of which is preferably and as shown in line with the outer surface of the cylinder shell 151. A screw sleeve 157 provided with an external thread connects to the inner edge of the shoulder 154, the free end of which is directed away from the shoulder 154 provided with an inwardly directed annular grid 158. The lower surface of the shoulder 154 situated between the skirt 156 and the screw sleeve 157 forms a stop 159.
    The annular grid 158 has an inner diameter that is larger than the diameter of the screen sheath 105. In a simple embodiment, the grid 158 is implemented by radially directed slots 160.
    The inner wall of the first bore part 51 is provided with a thread matching the thread of the screw bush 157. For use, the screw bush 157 of the gas cup 30 is screwed into the first bore part 51 until the free annular end of the torch body 10 arrives. lie against the stop 159, as can be seen in figure 1. Then the cylinder jacket 151 extends substantially in line with the chamber wall 32, and the skirt 156 extends along the outer surface of the chamber wall 32. The annular grid 158 extends concentrically around the screen sheath 105, the inner edge of the annular grid 158 being a short distance from the outer surface of the screen sheath 105.
    The annular grid 158 thus divides the shielding gas chamber 31 sunk into the body 10 into two chambers located one behind the other in the gas flow direction or axial direction, namely a first gas distribution chamber 141 between the insert 100 and the annular grid 158 and a second gas distribution chamber 142 at the end of the insert 100 facing away from the annular grid 158. The shielding gas flowing from the bores 101 flows into the first gas distribution chamber 141, where the flow resistance caused by the annular grid 158 results in the gas distributing better in the circumferential direction into the first gas distribution chamber 141 so that there are hardly any flow components perpendicular to the axial direction beyond the annular grid 158, in the second gas distribution chamber 142. Thus a nicely burning arc and a good gas distribution and therefore good gas protection are obtained with a short construction length of the torch, at least the torch section from the outflow openings of the bores 101 to the free end edge 153 of the gas cup.
    The gas cup 30 can be made as a whole, but can also be made of two (or more) components attached to each other. The material used may be ceramic, but it is also possible that the gas cup is at least partly made of copper, wherein it is then desirable for the gas cup to be electrically insulated relative to the torch body 10, for which it is possible, for example, for the thread part of the thread 157 is of insulating design. Alternatively, it is possible, for example, for an intermediate screw sleeve made of insulating material to be inserted between the screw sleeve 157 and the wall 32 (not shown).
    It is noted that this inventive gas cup can also be used with other welding torches.
    The invention thus relates to a welding torch 1, comprising: a torch body 10 of an electrically conductive material, with a feed-through channel for passing through a welding wire 2; a terminal connected to the torch body 10 for receiving a power supply thereon; current transfer means for welding on a welding wire 2 moving in the feed channel of the torch body 10; the current transfer means comprising: a contact surface 121 extending along the feed channel and electrically connected to the torch body; resilient pressing means 130 disposed in the torch body 10 opposite the contact surface and adapted to exert a pressure force directed towards said contact surface on a passing welding wire, the current transfer from the torch body 10 to the welding wire taking place exclusively via said contact surface 121. Advantageously pressure wheels 132 designed as ball bearings, it is achieved that the welding wire 2 always comes into contact with the contact surface in a controlled manner. Thus, the transition resistance is almost constant.
    It will be clear to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments discussed above, but that various variants and modifications are possible within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
    For example, it is possible that the upper surface of the contact plate is provided with a longitudinal groove with a small depth, with a radius of curvature corresponding to the radius of the welding wire or a little larger, to increase the contact surface with the welding wire and the chance of reduce the lateral deflection of the welding wire.
    It is also possible that a pressure wheel 132 is provided in its outer surface with a circumferential groove with a small depth, with a radius of curvature corresponding to the radius of the welding wire or a little larger, to increase the contact surface with the welding wire and the chance of reduce the lateral deflection of the welding wire.
    On the other hand, the use of a flat contact plate and flat pressure wheels offers the possibility of using the torch for different types of welding wire of different diameters.
    Furthermore, it is possible that the contact plate 120 is omitted, and that the moving welding wire is pressed against the material of the torch body or against the material of the insert.
    Furthermore, it is possible that the torch is provided with a handle or the like, so that a welder can easily hold and operate the torch.
    Features described only for a particular embodiment are also applicable to other described embodiments. Features of different embodiments can be combined to achieve a different embodiment. Features that are not explicitly described as being essential may also be omitted.
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1]
    A welding torch (1), comprising: a torch body (10) of an electrically conductive material, with a feed-through channel for passing through a welding wire (2); a connection connected to the torch body (10) for receiving a power supply thereon; current transfer means for transferring current to a welding wire (2) moving in the passage channel of the torch body (10); wherein the current transfer means comprise: a contact surface (121) extending along the feed-through channel and electrically connected to the torch body; resilient pressing means (130) disposed in the torch body (10) opposite the contact surface and adapted to exert a pressure force directed towards said contact surface on a passing welding wire.
    [2]
    2. Welding torch according to claim 1, wherein the pressing means comprise a pressure unit which is electrically insulated from the torch body.
    [3]
    Welding torch according to claim 2, wherein the pressure unit comprises a preferably electrically insulating wheel carrier (131) and one or more rotatably coupled pressure wheels (132) which are preferably rotatably coupled to the wheel carrier.
    [4]
    A welding torch according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the torch body comprises a longitudinal bore (52) with a cylindrical insert (100) of a conductive material inserted therein; wherein said feed-through channel comprises a bore (107) in the insert; wherein the insert (100) comprises a chamber (110) extending from a cylindrical side wall (111) in a radial direction beyond the bore (107); and wherein said resilient pressing means (130) are arranged in said chamber (110).
    [5]
    The welding torch of claim 4, wherein a contact plate (120) is provided on the bottom of said chamber (110), whose top surface (121) forms said contact surface.
    [6]
    Welding torch according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the pressure unit comprises a preferably electrically insulating wheel carrier (131) arranged in said chamber (110) as well as one or more rotatably coupled to the wheel carrier, preferably implemented by ball bearings. pressure wheels (132); and wherein the pressure means further comprises a pressure plate (135) disposed in said chamber (110) and extending above said wheel carrier (131) as well as a resilient pressure member (136) between the pressure plate (135) and the wheel carrier (131).
    [7]
    The welding torch according to claim 6, wherein the pressure plate (135) is provided on its underside with one or more dowel pins (138) which engage in suitable bores (139) in the wheel carrier (131).
    [8]
    Welding torch according to any of the preceding claims, wherein current transfer from the torch body (10) to the welding wire takes place exclusively via said contact surface (121).
    [9]
    Welding torch according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the diameter of the feed-through channel (42; 107), at least in the portion up to said contact surface (121), is larger than a liner (3) of a wire guide hose (44).
    [10]
    A welding torch gas cup (30) according to any of the preceding claims, comprising: a cylinder shell (131), with a proximal end (132) and a distal end (133); an inwardly directed annular shoulder (134) at the proximal end of the cylinder shell (131); an optional skirt (136) adjoining the outer edge of the shoulder (134); a screw sleeve (137) connecting to the inner edge of the shoulder (134); an inwardly directed annular grid (138) at the free end of the threaded bush (137) facing away from the shoulder (134).
    [11]
    11. Welding torch according to any of the preceding claims, provided with a gas cup (30) according to claim 10.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    NL1035171C2|2009-09-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US2179108A|1937-06-12|1939-11-07|Borg Warner|Nozzle for arc-welding machine|
    DE1540922B2|1965-09-24|1971-09-23|Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden|HIGH-PERFORMANCE WELDING TORCH FOR THE SHIELDING GAS ARC WELDING WITH A SNAPPING WIRE ELECTRODE|
    DE4006138C2|1990-02-27|1999-09-02|Lange|Contact guide nozzle|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    NL1035171A|NL1035171C2|2008-03-13|2008-03-13|Welding torch, has power transmission unit stretching along conduit and electrically connected to torch body contact surface, where power is transferred from torch body to wire only via contact surface|
    NL1035171|2008-03-13|
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